HERNIA

HERNIA

Introduction

Hernia is an peculiar protrusion of internal organs through an abnormal launch in the wall of the cavity.A exploit of increased pressure inside the body later than disorder in the wall is held held responsible for this condition.In this condition internal organs or parts of organs are protruded out forming a blister which will add together the size following coughing and lifting weight,and even though passing stool and urine.In lying the length of slope of view the boil goes inside except in strangulated and irreducible hernia.

Causes:-

1, Weakness in the body wall:--

    a) Congenital complaint.

    b) Acquired illness due to injuries,wasting of muscles,suppurative lesions in the wall and presence of feeble natural openings,obesity,nonappearance of exercise,repeated pregnancy.

    c) Surgical operation considering rasping suturing or sepsis of operated site.

2) Increased pressure inside the body.

   a) Chronic constipation.

   b) Recurrent cough.

   c) Weight lifting.

   d) Stricture of urethra.

Common sites for hernia:--

Hernia can occure anywhere in the body.However there are some common sites for hernia.Due to the presence of hard lanky covering chest wall is normally not affected.Hernia in the demean benefit going on is in addition to scarce due to spine and by now muscles and tough ligaments and sheeths.The common site for hernia is abdominal wall.Compared to adding together parts the abdominal wall is insipid due to the presence of some natural orifices.There are some areas wherein the abdominal muscles are weaker and skinny and all these factors make a inadvertent for herniation.The common sites for hernia are when.

a) Inguinal hernia:

Here the abdominal contents protrude through the inguinal canal (alleyway in the lower abdominal wall just above the inguinal ligament.It is seen approximately either side).This type is common in males.Initially the boil comes by yourself even though straining and goes further even though lying down. Later the large share of intestine may arrive out which may not go past easily.

b) Femoral hernia:

This type of hernia is more in females.Here the abdominal contents p.s. through the femoral canal which is seen just out cold the junction in the middle of the thigh and demean abdominal wall(Inside the femoral triangle).The contents pass downwards and comes out through saphenous arrival in the thigh and forms a boil below the skin.

c) Umbilical hernia:

This is common in kids.The umbilicus is the weaker share of the abdomen.The contents of the abdomen may protrude as a bulb considering pustule even if crying and defecating.

d) Incisional hernia:

These hernias are seen in operated sites. Due to uncompromising suturing or sepsis the operated site becomes feeble resulting in hernia.

e) Epigastric hernia:

Here the hearniation occures in the epigastrium. It is a scarce type.

f) Lumbar hernia:

Here the hernia court combat-act the lumbar place a propos either side of the lumbar spine(in the lumbar triangle).This is as well as a scarce type.

g) Obturator hernia:

This is a rare type of hernia. Here the contents pass through obturator foramen in the pelvic bone.

Complications of hernia:--

1) Strangulation:

If the hernial orifice is narrow the abdominal contents may not go by now easily, and in the set against ahead the blood flow to the herniated tissues may be blocked due to constricition.This can cause death of protruded intestine.

2) Intestinal obstruction:

This occures behind the sum share of the intestine is protruded in to the hernial sac. The narrow hernial orifice will block the passage of bowels.

3) Infection and peritonitis:

If there is strangulation gone death of a portion of intestine there will be move to the lead of infection to the abdomen resulting in peritonitis.

Treatment of hernia:--

Initial treatment: In the initial stages of hernia the furthermore steps may be useful

1) Use of hernia appendage:

Special types of hernia belts are available for each type of heania.This will prevent the protrusion and will reduce aching.

2) Constipation,recurrent cough,urinary obstruction ect should be treated.

3) Fat reduction will grow the strength of abdominal wall.

4) Abdominal calisthenics to buildup the muscle appearance.

5) Take profusion of leafy vegetables, fruits and fibrous diet for understandable bowel movements.

6) Try adding systems in front Homoeopathy,Herbal medicine and ect

If no assist by the above steps consult a general surgeon for surgical management.

Surgical treatment.

The behind operations are finished depending happening in explanation to the type and flora and fauna of hernia.

1) Hertniotomy : In this operation the contents of hernial sac is pushed in to the abdomen and neck of the sac is ligated gone transfixion ligature and the sac is clip off.

2) Herniorrhaphy: Here along moreover than herniotomy the posterior wall is repaired.

3) Hernioplasty: This operation is finished if herniotomy is not reachable due to broad neck of the sac.Here the fasten is done with than the healp of non absorbable materials as well as tantalum gauze,polypropylene mesh or stainless steel mesh.